ДЖЕРЕЛА НАДХОДЖЕННЯ ОСНОВНИХ ІОНІВ, ЇХ КОНЦЕНТРАЦІЇ ТА ШЛЯХИ МІГРАЦІЇ Й ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ У СНІГОВОМУ ПОКРИВІ АНТАРКТИКИ І ВПЛИВ ГЛОБАЛЬНОГО ПОТЕПЛІННЯ НА ЦІ ПРОЦЕСИ
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30836/igs.2522-9753.2025.343868Ключові слова:
іони, концентрації, сніг, Антарктика, глобальне потепління, зміни кліматуАнотація
Вимірювання іонних концентрацій в сніговому покриві попри простоту й традиційність методу дає цінну інформацію, яка може бути цікавою для розуміння й моніторингу процесів змін клімату, коли танення льодовиків сприяє міграції біоти та розширенню місць поселення різних організмів, що супроводжується зростанням біогенного внеску та змінами іонного складу снігу. У наведеному огляді наставлено за мету показати ці взаємозв'язки за наявним даними щодо джерел, виміряних рівнів та хімічної поведінки основних іонів у снігу Антарктики з огляду на відкриття останніх років щодо шляхів трансформації через вільнорадикальні перетворення хлоридів, бромідів, нітратів, які інтенсифікуються в умовах глобального потепління. У статті також показано як концентрації окремих іонів можуть бути індикаторами певних природних процесів, і опосередковано відображати їх інтенсивність, як то вулканічних вивержень (сульфати), зменшення крижаного покриву в умовах глобального потепління (зростання сольового навантаження), збільшення численності й поширення гніздових птахів (зростання вмісту фосфатів, калію, кальцію, амонію). На підставі узагальнених даних зроблено висновки щодо очікуваних змін іонного складу снігу внаслідок подальшого розвитку процесів глобального потепління.
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